Oxford states that grades and predicted grades are considered in context where possible, so school context, subject availability and educational background may be relevant to assessment. Contextual information does not remove the need to meet subject requirements: applicants still need strong preparation in English Literature or English Language and Literature, and the relevant modern-language route.
Applicants whose school does not offer the target modern language should check the course-page guidance carefully. For post-A-level routes, Oxford normally expects A-level, Advanced Higher, Higher Level IB or another academic equivalent, but may consider evidence such as B1 CEFR where the language is not formally available.
For beginners' languages, Oxford indicates that candidates would not be expected to have studied the modern language before, but English Literature or English Language and Literature is still required. Disruption, illness, school moves, limited subject access or other educational circumstances should be explained through UCAS, the school reference, or the channels specified by Oxford or the relevant college.